Nitrosomonas europaea Winogradsky BioVector? ATCC 25978 歐洲亞硝化單胞菌模式菌株
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BioVector? ATCC? 25978? 歐洲亞硝化單胞菌模式菌株——產(chǎn)品技術(shù)說明書 (Product Datasheet)
1. 產(chǎn)品基本信息與類型鑒定 (Product & Type Strain Information)
菌株學(xué)名:Nitrosomonas europaea Winogradsky
ATCC 編號:25978?
菌株核心編號:C-31 / Nm50 / DSM 28437
分類學(xué)地位:本物種乃至整個亞硝化單胞菌屬(Nitrosomonas)的模式種(Type strain / Nomenclatural type)。所有新發(fā)現(xiàn)的氨氧化細菌進行分類學(xué)認定時,均需以此菌株作為金標準比對。
生物學(xué)來源:分離自陸地土壤(Soil)。
生理特征:專性化學(xué)自養(yǎng)菌,嚴格需氧,通過氧化環(huán)境中的氨產(chǎn)生亞硝酸鹽獲取能量。
產(chǎn)品形態(tài):冷凍冰磚或凍干管(Frozen / Lyophilized format)。
2. 基因組測序與質(zhì)控信息 (Genomic & Reference Profile)
測序狀態(tài):已完成高通量全基因組測序(Whole-genome sequenced strain)。
基因組大小:約 2.7 Mb
。 測序質(zhì)控標記:
NCBI RefSeq:GCF_900167395.1
16S rRNA 序列登錄號:AF353160 或 Z46927
3. 專屬培養(yǎng)基及紅線配方 (Medium Specification)
官方指定培養(yǎng)基:ATCC Medium #2265: Nitrosomonas Medium
物理環(huán)境:26.0 ℃,有氧/需氧環(huán)境(Aerobic)。
生化禁忌(紅線):自養(yǎng)菌對有機碳極其敏感,禁止加入任何濃度的葡萄糖、氨基酸或天然提取物(如酵母浸膏)
。 玻璃器皿要求:微量重金屬殘留或洗滌劑堿性殘留會對 C-31 株造成致死性毒性,所有培養(yǎng)瓶必須經(jīng)過嚴格酸洗(如稀鹽酸浸泡后超純水沖洗)。
4. 傳代操作與擴增流線 (Subculturing Protocol & Kinetics)
與常規(guī)細菌不同,ATCC 25978 具有雙軌生長動力學(xué)特征(靜置與震蕩):
傳代周期(靜置):在靜置(Static)狀態(tài)下栽培時,菌體增殖較慢,通常需要 7 到 14 天 才能觀察到豐富的生物量(Abundant growth)。
傳代周期(加速震蕩):若放置于往復(fù)式或旋轉(zhuǎn)式搖床上進行震蕩培養(yǎng),因大幅提升了溶氧效率,其倍增生長速率可顯著縮短至 3 到 5 天
。 推薦接種稀釋比:采用 10% 比例大體積接種(即 10 mL 濃稠老菌液轉(zhuǎn)接至 100 mL 新鮮 Medium 2265 中)。
菌種常規(guī)維持:培養(yǎng)至對數(shù)末期的成熟培養(yǎng)液,可直接放入 4 ℃ 冰箱 中進行避光短期封存,每 4 到 6 周必須全量傳代一次
。
5. 官方標準復(fù)蘇雙瓶操作法 (Standard ATCC Recovery - Two-Flask Technique)
由于模式菌株凍存后細胞壁較為脆弱,ATCC 官方推薦使用雙瓶稀釋法以確保復(fù)蘇成功率:
準備 兩瓶 盛有 15 mL 滅菌、pH 穩(wěn)態(tài)的 ATCC #2265 液體培養(yǎng)基的三角錐瓶(或透氣細胞培養(yǎng)瓶),全程用鋁箔紙包裹避光
。 從 -80 ℃ 或液氮中取出 ATCC 25978 凍存管,置于 37 ℃ 水浴中快速搖晃融化(60-90秒)
。 接種第一瓶(Flask #1):在無菌條件下,將解凍后的全部菌懸液直接注入第一瓶 15 mL 培養(yǎng)基中。
接種第二瓶(Flask #2,梯度稀釋):立即從第一瓶(Flask #1)中抽取 1.0 mL 混合液,轉(zhuǎn)接至第二瓶 15 mL 新鮮培養(yǎng)基中。
注:此步驟用于防止原凍存管中可能存在的局部底物抑制或保護劑殘留濃度過高。
孵育形態(tài):將兩瓶同時置于 26 ℃ 絕對黑暗 中孵育。
如果使用的是透氣細胞培養(yǎng)瓶(Tissue culture flask),必須將培養(yǎng)瓶平躺放置(Laid down),以最大化氣-液接觸面積,促進高效的空氣交換。 觀察到液體由清亮轉(zhuǎn)為輕微乳白渾濁(Turbidity increase)即表明復(fù)蘇成功。
6. 生物安全與超低溫冷凍保存 (Biosafety & Storage)
生物安全等級 (BSL):BSL-1(最低風(fēng)險級別)
。對健康成年人類或動物不具備致病攻擊性。 長期封存冷凍溫度:必須存放在 -80 °C 或更低的超低溫環(huán)境(推薦液氮氣相)。
冷凍保護劑:可使用自養(yǎng)菌專用的無機鹽保護劑或常規(guī)甘油混劑進行超低溫凍存。
ATCC? 25978? Nitrosomonas europaea Winogradsky C-31 (Type Strain) Product Datasheet
1. Product & Type Strain Information
Scientific Name: Nitrosomonas europaea Winogradsky
ATCC Number: 25978?
Strain Designations: C-31 / Nm50 / DSM 28437
Taxonomic Status: Nomenclatural Type strain of the species and genus. Serves as the ultimate taxonomic gold standard for ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) identification.
Isolation Source: Isolated from terrestrial soil.
Physiology: Obligate chemolithoautotroph, strictly aerobic; oxidizes ammonia to nitrite.
Product Format: Frozen or Lyophilized vial.
2. Genomic Features
Status: Whole-genome sequenced type strain.
Genome Size: ~ 2.7 Mb
. Reference Accessions:
NCBI RefSeq: GCF_900167395.1
16S rRNA GenBank: AF353160 / Z46927
3. Growth Medium & Chemical Restrictions
Designated Medium: ATCC Medium 2265: Nitrosomonas europaea medium
. Incubation Parameters: 26 °C, Aerobic
. Organic Restrictions: Autotrophic culture; do not add any organic carbon sources (e.g., glucose, peptone, or yeast extract) as they strongly inhibit growth.
Glassware Warning: Highly sensitive to chemical or detergent residues; clean all flasks thoroughly with an acid wash followed by deionized water rinses.
4. Subculturing Protocol & Growth Kinetics
Static Growth Kinetics: In static (unshaken) cultures, growth is slow, and abundant biomass or turbidity is typically evident in 7 to 14 days
. Accelerated Shaking Kinetics: The growth rate can be significantly accelerated to 3 to 5 days by cultivating the vessels on a reciprocal or rotary shaker.
Inoculum Volume: A 10% inoculum (e.g., 10 mL of dense culture into 100 mL of fresh medium) is strictly recommended.
Maintenance Schedule: Transfer the culture every four to six weeks, and store the fully grown stock culture at 4 °C in the absolute dark.
5. Official ATCC Two-Flask Recovery Technique
To bypass substrate inhibition or local cryoprotectant toxicity during thawing, utilize the following mandatory two-flask dilution procedure:
Prepare two separate Erlenmeyer flasks or tissue culture flasks containing 15 mL of sterile ATCC broth #2265. Ensure they are completely wrapped in aluminum foil to block out light.
Rapidly thaw the frozen vial by swirling it in a 37 °C water bath for 60 to 90 seconds
. Inoculate Flask #1: Aseptically transfer the entire contents of the thawed vial into the first flask containing 15 mL of medium.
Inoculate Flask #2 (Serial Dilution): Immediately pipet 1.0 mL from Flask #1 and transfer it into the second flask containing 15 mL of fresh medium.
Incubation Setup: Incubate both flasks in the dark at 26 °C
. If using tissue culture flasks, the flasks must be laid down horizontally during incubation to optimize gas-liquid surface interaction and promote proper air exchange. Cells are multiplying successfully once an increase in milk-like turbidity is visible under lighting conditions.
6. Biosafety & Storage Standards
Biosafety Level: BSL-1. Non-pathogenic to healthy adult humans or animals.
Long-Term Preservation: Cryovials must be stored in a freezer maintained at -80 °C or colder (or vapor-phase liquid nitrogen).
Cells may be preserved by freezing with a validated autotrophic cryoprotectant.
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