BioVector? NTCC? Vibrio parahaemolyticus NTCC?副溶血弧菌

基本信息

學名： Vibrio parahaemolyticus NTCC?

中文名稱： 副溶血弧菌

分類：

綱：Gammaproteobacteria

科：Vibrionaceae

形態(tài)：

弧形或桿狀革蘭氏陰性細菌

具極鞭毛，可運動

自然宿主 / 來源：

廣泛存在于溫暖海水

常與海產(chǎn)品（貝類、甲殼類）相關(guān)

重要特征
生理特性（高層次，不含可操作條件）

耐鹽性強，典型海洋弧菌特征

在溫暖環(huán)境中生長較快

能發(fā)酵多種碳源

具有溶血能力（Kanagawa 現(xiàn)象因菌株而異）

致病性相關(guān)（高層描述）

可引起 急性胃腸炎，常因食用未熟海產(chǎn)品

關(guān)鍵毒力因子（因菌株而異）：

TDH（thermostable direct hemolysin）

TRH（TDH-related hemolysin）

T3SS1/T3SS2 分泌系統(tǒng)

遺傳學信息

染色體數(shù)量： 雙染色體結(jié)構(gòu)（典型弧菌特征）

常用參考基因組：

V. parahaemolyticus RIMD 2210633（全球研究標準參考株）

分子鑒定標志物（高層次）：

toxR（物種鑒定）

tdh、trh（毒力基因檢測）

應用場景

食品安全與公共衛(wèi)生研究

海洋微生物生態(tài)研究

病原檢測技術(shù)開發(fā)

毒力基因與基因調(diào)控研究

水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖疾病監(jiān)測

生物安全信息

生物安全等級（一般）： BSL-2（因其致病性，對人類有感染風險）

潛在風險：

引起胃腸炎

海水或海產(chǎn)品處理行業(yè)的職業(yè)暴露

實驗室注意事項（僅原則性敘述）：

適當防護

避免氣溶膠

按法規(guī)處置廢棄物

（不提供任何操作步驟、培養(yǎng)條件或生長參數(shù)。）

常見研究用菌株列表（不含獲取方式）

RIMD 2210633（日本臨床分離株，研究使用最廣）

ATCC 17802（標準參考株）

ATCC 27519（另一常用參考株）

臨床/海水/海產(chǎn)品環(huán)境分離株（毒力基因型差異顯著）

1. General Information

Species: Vibrio parahaemolyticus

Taxonomy:

Phylum: Proteobacteria

Class: Gammaproteobacteria

Order: Vibrionales

Family: Vibrionaceae

Gram Stain: Gram-negative

Morphology: Curved or straight rods, motile by polar flagella

Natural Habitat: Marine and estuarine environments (saltwater)

Disease Association: A leading cause of seafood-associated gastroenteritis in humans

2. Key Characteristics
Biological Features

Halophilic (salt-requiring)

Facultatively anaerobic

Produces thermostable direct hemolysin (TDH) and TDH-related hemolysin (TRH) in pathogenic strains

Shows typical “Vibrio” motility patterns

Differentiating Traits

Oxidase-positive

Ferments glucose

Growth favored by moderate salinity
(Details on conditions omitted for safety.)

3. Common Research Uses

Studies of marine pathogenic bacteria

Seafood safety and contamination monitoring

Virulence factor research (e.g., TDH, TRH toxins)

Genomics, epidemiology, and population structure studies

Host–pathogen interaction models

Environmental stress response studies (e.g., salinity, temperature)

4. Biosafety Information

Biosafety Level: BSL-2 (varies by jurisdiction; consult local regulations)

Associated Risks: Gastroenteritis if ingested; wound infections possible through exposure to contaminated seawater

Transmission Routes:

Contaminated raw or undercooked seafood

Open wound exposure to marine water containing the bacteria

Recommended Precautions:

Standard BSL-2 PPE

Avoid aerosol generation

Follow institutional biosafety guidance

(No procedural details provided.)

5. Strain Variability

V. parahaemolyticus includes numerous strains and serotypes, commonly characterized by:

Serogroups: O1–O12; K antigen variations

Pandemic clone: O3:K6 and related serovariants (notable for widespread outbreaks)

Genomic markers:

tdh, trh virulence genes

Type III secretion systems (T3SS1, T3SS2)

Different strains may vary in virulence, habitat range, and antibiotic susceptibility.

6. Genomic Information

Genome Size: ~5.0–5.3 Mb

Genome Structure: Two circular chromosomes (typical of Vibrio species)

GC Content: ~45%

Key Genomic Features:

Toxin genes (tdh, trh)

Environmental stress response pathways

Motility and chemotaxis systems

Type III secretion system gene clusters

7. Applications in Industry and Environment

Monitoring marine water quality

Seafood industry pathogen surveillance

Tracking environmental spread linked to warming oceans

Genetic studies on adaptation to salinity and temperature shifts
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